k8s部署数据库-mysql

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standalone单机模式

用deploy方式部署

# 创建secret存储密码
[root@k8s-master standalone]# kubectl create secret generic mysql-root-password --from-literal=password=abcd123456

[root@k8s-master standalone]# cat mysql-deploy.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: mysql-deploy-pvc
spec:
  storageClassName: nfs-storage
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: mysql
    tier: standalone
  name: mysql-standalone
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
      tier: standalone
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
        tier: standalone
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: mysql:8.0
        name: mysql-standalone
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysql-root-password
              key: password
          # 不使用secret则可以用下面方式指定
          #value: "123456"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3306
        volumeMounts:
        - name: mysqlvolume
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
      volumes:
      - name: mysqlvolume
        # 使用pvc
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: mysql-deploy-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    app: mysql
    tier: standalone
  name: mysql-standalone-deploy
spec:
  selector:
    app: mysql
    tier: standalone
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 3306

[root@k8s-master standalone]# kubectl apply -f mysql-deploy.yaml
[root@k8s-master standalone]# kubectl get -f mysql-deploy.yaml
NAME                                     STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql-deploy-pvc   Bound    pvc-8a2bbb2c-eff8-46aa-a231-cd43be71efbd   5Gi        RWO            nfs-storage    74m

NAME                               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/mysql-standalone   1/1     1            1           74m

NAME                              TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
service/mysql-standalone-deploy   NodePort   10.96.228.25   <none>        3306:30933/TCP   74m

用statefulsets方式部署

[root@k8s-master standalone]# cat mysql-sts.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql-standalone-sts
  labels:
    app: mysql
    tier: standalone-sts
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 3306
    name: mysql
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: mysql
    tier: standalone-sts
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: mysql-sts
spec:
  serviceName: mysql-standalone-sts
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
      tier: standalone-sts
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
        tier: standalone-sts
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: mysql:8.0
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysql-root-password
              key: password
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3306
          name: mysql
        volumeMounts:
        - name: mysqlvolume
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: mysqlvolume
      annotations:
        volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "nfs-storage"
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 5Gi


[root@k8s-master standalone]# kubectl apply -f mysql-sts.yaml
[root@k8s-master standalone]# kubectl get -f mysql-sts.yaml
NAME                           TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE
service/mysql-standalone-sts   ClusterIP   None         <none>        3306/TCP   10m

NAME                         READY   AGE
statefulset.apps/mysql-sts   1/1     10m

主从模式

准备configmap

# 创建ns
[root@k8s-master master-slave]# kubectl create ns mysql

# 创建configmap
[root@k8s-master master-slave]# cat mysql-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: mysql
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql
data:
  master.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on the master.
    [mysqld]
    log-bin
  slave.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on slaves.
    [mysqld]
    super-read-only

准备svc

[root@k8s-master master-slave]# cat mysql-service.yaml
# Headless service for stable DNS entries of StatefulSet members.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: mysql
---
# Client service for connecting to any MySQL instance for reads.
# For writes, you must instead connect to the master: mysql-0.mysql.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql-read
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql

准备statefulsets

[root@k8s-master master-slave]# cat mysql-sts.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: mysql
  namespace: mysql
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
  serviceName: mysql
  replicas: 3
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      tolerations:
      - effect: NoSchedule
        operator: Exists
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms: # 调度指定标签节点
              - matchExpressions:
                  - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/compute
                    operator: In
                    values:
                    - dedicated-middleware
      initContainers:
      - name: init-mysql
        image: mysql:5.7.35
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Generate mysql server-id from pod ordinal index.
          [[ `hostname` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          echo [mysqld] > /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Add an offset to avoid reserved server-id=0 value.
          echo server-id=$((100 + $ordinal)) >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Copy appropriate conf.d files from config-map to emptyDir.
          if [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]]; then
            cp /mnt/config-map/master.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          else
            cp /mnt/config-map/slave.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          fi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /mnt/conf.d
        - name: config-map
          mountPath: /mnt/config-map
      - name: clone-mysql
        image: registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/soulchild/xtrabackup:2.4
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Skip the clone if data already exists.
          [[ -d /var/lib/mysql/mysql ]] && exit 0
          # Skip the clone on master (ordinal index 0).
          [[ `hostname` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]] && exit 0
          # Clone data from previous peer.
          ncat --recv-only mysql-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql 3307 | xbstream -x -C /var/lib/mysql
          # Prepare the backup.
          xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/var/lib/mysql
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: mysql:5.7.35
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
          value: "1"
        ports:
        - name: mysql
          containerPort: 3306
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 1Gi
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command: ["mysqladmin", "ping"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            # Check we can execute queries over TCP (skip-networking is off).
            command: ["mysql", "-h", "127.0.0.1", "-e", "SELECT 1"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 2
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      - name: xtrabackup
        image: registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/soulchild/xtrabackup:2.4
        ports:
        - name: xtrabackup
          containerPort: 3307
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          cd /var/lib/mysql

          # Determine binlog position of cloned data, if any.
          if [[ -f xtrabackup_slave_info && "x$(<xtrabackup_slave_info)" != "x" ]]; then
            # XtraBackup already generated a partial "CHANGE MASTER TO" query
            # because we're cloning from an existing slave. (Need to remove the tailing semicolon!)
            cat xtrabackup_slave_info | sed -E 's/;$//g' > change_master_to.sql.in
            # Ignore xtrabackup_binlog_info in this case (it's useless).
            rm -f xtrabackup_slave_info xtrabackup_binlog_info
          elif [[ -f xtrabackup_binlog_info ]]; then
            # We're cloning directly from master. Parse binlog position.
            [[ `cat xtrabackup_binlog_info` =~ ^(.*?)[[:space:]]+(.*?)$ ]] || exit 1
            rm -f xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_slave_info
            echo "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='${BASH_REMATCH[1]}',\
                  MASTER_LOG_POS=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" > change_master_to.sql.in
          fi

          # Check if we need to complete a clone by starting replication.
          if [[ -f change_master_to.sql.in ]]; then
            echo "Waiting for mysqld to be ready (accepting connections)"
            until mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -e "SELECT 1"; do sleep 1; done

            echo "Initializing replication from clone position"
            mysql -h 127.0.0.1 \
                  -e "$(<change_master_to.sql.in), \
                          MASTER_HOST='mysql-0.mysql', \
                          MASTER_USER='root', \
                          MASTER_PASSWORD='', \
                          MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10; \
                        START SLAVE;" || exit 1
            # In case of container restart, attempt this at-most-once.
            mv change_master_to.sql.in change_master_to.sql.orig
          fi

          # Start a server to send backups when requested by peers.
          exec ncat --listen --keep-open --send-only --max-conns=1 3307 -c \
            "xtrabackup --backup --slave-info --stream=xbstream --host=127.0.0.1 --user=root"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
      volumes:
      - name: conf
        emptyDir: {}
      - name: config-map
        configMap:
          name: mysql
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
      annotations:
        volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "nfs-storage"
    spec:
      accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 5Gi